Wildfire Smoke Is Poisonous. Take It Seriously, But Don’t Let It Run Your Life

Particulate pollution, especially those of 2.5 microns or smaller — has been demonstrated to cause, promote, or aggravate numerous serious health effects including inflammation and specific syndromes involving the immune system, diabetes, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, cancer, cardiovascular disease as well as neurological and psychological maladies.

A recent study found wildfire smoke loaded with numerous hazardous chemical and carcinogens including Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, butenes, phenol, isoprene and pinenes

Smoke can also affect the results of scientific studies.

Wildland fires blanketed the San Francisco Bay Area during a scientific study of environmantal chemicals in food. Photo copyright by Lewis Perdue, all rights reserved.

This ad-free article is made possible by the financial support of the Center for Research on Environmental Chemicals in Humans. Please consider making a tax-deductible donation for continued research.

Forest fire smoke is a sadly regular occurrence in Northern California, so residents, including the author of this post, have a lot of practice coping with it.
 
Trying to use a regular N95 — while helpful — can be awkward, frustrating, and not as effective as needed because getting it to seal out the bad air is tough.
 
In the feature photo of this post. from October 11, 2017 biomedical scientist Lewis Perdue (and author of this post) is wearing a 3M 7502 silicone facepiece with two, 3M Model 7093 P-100 filters.
 
The P-100 standard is a step above N95, and removes 99.9% of particles. In addition, the silicone facepiece conforms perfectly to most face in order to form a total seal.
 
In addition, the two high-volume filters make breathing so easy, allowed Perdue to take a jog safely and comfortably during the fire.
 
Fires are more prevalent now, so people who want to stay safe, and still get out for your walk on errands, this is a way to do it.
 
If you don’t like the industrial look, try your hand at beautifying the facepiece. Make sure not to get paint on the surfaces that contact your face.
Artistic work by archaeologist Katherine Perdue. Photo copyright by Lewis Perdue, all rights reserved.

Indoor pollution help

If you do not have a HEPA HVAC system, this small device works well. It has a carbon pre-filter to help remove smoke odors and a HEPA filter for particulates. We found that a small unit can keep a 400 square-foot room at a healthy level. We have five of them in our home.

GermGuardian” HEPA Filter Air Purifier with UV Light Sanitizer.  Small and fits almost anywhere. NOTE: we do NOT receive any compensation from sales of this product. Photo copyright by Lewis Perdue, all rights reserved.
This is the small PM2.5 Laser pollution sensor used to monitor indoor and outdoor air. Made by PurpleAir. NOTE: we do NOT receive any compensation from sales of this product. Photo copyright by Lewis Perdue, all rights reserved.

This article was written by Lewis Perdue, Chairman of the Center for Research on Environmental Chemicals in Humans, Co-Principal Investigator of the Stealth Syndromes Human Study and Co-Founder, of the Stealth Syndromes Project

References

Reid CE, Brauer M, Johnston FH, Jerrett M, Balmes JR, Elliott CT. Critical Review of Health Impacts of Wildfire Smoke Exposure. Environ Health Perspect. 2016;124(9):1334-1343. doi:10.1289/ehp.1409277

Feng S, Gao D, Liao F, Zhou F, Wang X. The health effects of ambient PM2.5 and potential mechanisms. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2016;128:67-74. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.01.030

Ohlwein S, Kappeler R, Kutlar Joss M, Künzli N, Hoffmann B. Health effects of ultrafine particles: a systematic literature review update of epidemiological evidence. Int J Public Health. 2019;64(4):547-559. doi:10.1007/s00038-019-01202-7

Wei T, Tang M. Biological effects of airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure on pulmonary immune system. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2018;60:195-201. doi:10.1016/j.etap.2018.04.004

Miller MR. Oxidative stress and the cardiovascular effects of air pollution. Free Radic Biol Med. 2020;151:69-87. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.01.004

Wolf K, Popp A, Schneider A, et al. Association Between Long-term Exposure to Air Pollution and Biomarkers Related to Insulin Resistance, Subclinical Inflammation, and Adipokines [published correction appears in Diabetes. 2017 Oct;66(10 ):2725]. Diabetes. 2016;65(11):3314-3326. doi:10.2337/db15-1567

Esposito K, Petrizzo M, Maiorino MI, Bellastella G, Giugliano D. Particulate matter pollutants and risk of type 2 diabetes: a time for concern?. Endocrine. 2016;51(1):32-37. doi:10.1007/s12020-015-0638-2

Pope CA 3rd, Turner MC, Burnett RT, et al. Relationships between fine particulate air pollution, cardiometabolic disorders, and cardiovascular mortality. Circ Res. 2015;116(1):108-115. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.305060

Xu MX, Ge CX, Qin YT, et al. Prolonged PM2.5 exposure elevates risk of oxidative stress-driven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by triggering increase of dyslipidemia.Free Radic Biol Med. 2019;130:542-556. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.11.016

========

Health effects of ultrafine particles: a systematic literature review update of epidemiological evidence

Exposure to airborne fine particulate matter is associated with impaired endothelial function and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation

Ambient particulate air pollution and circulating C-reactive protein level: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Oxidative stress and the cardiovascular effects of air pollution

Ambient particulate air pollution and circulating C-reactive protein level: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Particulate Matter Exposure and Stress Hormone Levels

Shou Y, Huang Y, Zhu X, Liu C, Hu Y, Wang H. A review of the possible associations between ambient PM2.5 exposures and the development of Alzheimer’s disease. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019;174:344-352. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.086

Jia Z, Wei Y, Li X, et al. Exposure to Ambient Air Particles Increases the Risk of Mental Disorder: Findings from a Natural Experiment in Beijing. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15(1):160. Published 2018 Jan 19. doi:10.3390/ijerph15010160

OTHER

Air pollution and inflammation in type 2 diabetes: a mechanism for susceptibility

Inflammatory and oxidative stress responses of healthy young adults to changes in air quality during the Beijing Olympics

Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease

Associations of Short-Term and Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollutants With Hypertension

Associations between ambient air pollution and blood markers of inflammation and coagulation/fibrinolysis in susceptible populations

Fine Particulate Air Pollution (PM2.5) and the Risk of Acute Ischemic Stroke

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